Deep soil mixing - wet method
Technique
Deep soil mixing - wet method Deep soil mixing (DSM), improves the characteristics of weak soils by mechanically mixing them with cementitious binder slurry. Wet soil mixing illustration Common uses…
/expertise/techniques/deep-soil-mixing-wet-method
Soil nails
Technique
Soil nails Soil nailing uses grouted, tension-resisting steel elements (nails) to reinforce in situ soils and creating a gravity retaining wall for permanent or temporary excavation support. Soil…
/expertise/techniques/soil-nails
Compensation / fracture grouting
Technique
Compensation / fracture grouting Compensation or fracture grouting is the injection of a cement slurry grout into the soil creating and filling fractures that then lift the overlying soil and…
/expertise/techniques/compensation-fracture-grouting
Driven cast in-situ piles
Technique
Driven cast in-situ piles Driven cast in-situ (DCIS) piles are constructed by driving a closed-ended hollow steel or concrete casing into the ground and then filling it with concrete. Driven cast in-…
/expertise/techniques/driven-cast-in-situ-piles
CFA piles (auger cast)
Technique
CFA piles (auger cast) Continuous flight auger (CFA) piles are a type of bored cast-in-place replacement pile. Piles are drilled and concreted in one continuous operation enabling much faster…
/expertise/techniques/cfa-piles-auger-cast
Permeation grouting
Technique
Permeation grouting Permeation grouting, also known as cement grouting or pressure grouting, fills cracks or voids in soil and rock and permeates coarse, granular soils with flowable particulate…
/expertise/techniques/permeation-grouting
Vibro compaction
Technique
Vibro compaction Vibro compaction is a ground improvement technique that densifies clean, cohesionless granular soils with a downhole vibrator. It’s a technique first developed by Keller in the 1930s…
/expertise/techniques/vibro-compaction
Vibro stone columns
Technique
Vibro stone columns This technique involves construction of loadbearing columns made from gravel or crushed stones that can share the load with the surrounding soil. Vibro stone columns illustration…
/expertise/techniques/vibro-stone-columns
Deep soil mixing - dry method
Technique
Deep soil mixing - dry method Deep soil mixing (DSM) is a ground improvement technique that improves soft, high moisture clays, peats, and other weak soils, by mechanically mixing them with dry…
/expertise/techniques/deep-soil-mixing-dry-method
Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD)
Technique
Prefabricated Vertical Drains (PVD) Prefabricated Vertical Drains, also known as Wick Drains or band drains are prefabricated geotextile filter-wrapped plastic strips with moulded channels. These act…
/expertise/techniques/prefabricated-vertical-drains-pvd
Rigid inclusions
Technique
Rigid inclusions Rigid inclusions (RI) is a ground improvement method using high deformation modulus columns constructed through compressible soils to reduce settlement and increase bearing capacity…
/expertise/techniques/rigid-inclusions
Mixed modulus columns CMM ®
Technique
Mixed modulus columns CMM ® Columns with Mixed moduli CMM® is a ground improvement method using low deformation modulus columns or a rigid inclusion constructed through compressible soils with a…
/expertise/techniques/mixed-modulus-columns
Dynamic compaction
Technique
Dynamic compaction Dynamic Compaction is a ground improvement technique that densifies granular materials by using a drop weight and it is applicable to both saturated and unsaturated soils. The…
/expertise/techniques/dynamic-compaction
Rapid impact compaction (RIC)
Technique
Rapid impact compaction (RIC) Rapid impact compaction densifies shallow, granular soils, using a hydraulic hammer, which repeatedly strikes an impact plate on the ground surface. Rapid impact…
/expertise/techniques/rapid-impact-compaction-ric
Compaction grouting
Technique
Compaction grouting Low mobility (compaction) grouting involves the injection of a low slump, mortar grout to densify loose, granular soils and stabilise subsurface voids or sinkholes. compaction…
/expertise/techniques/compaction-grouting
Cavity / bulk / mine fill grouting
Technique
Cavity / bulk / mine fill grouting Bulk filling generally uses a cement/pulverised fuel ash (PFA) mix to suit site conditions with compressive strengths in the order of 1.0 N/mm2. The mixes may…
/expertise/techniques/cavity-bulk-mine-fill-grouting
Driven precast piles
Technique
Driven precast piles Driven piles are deep foundation elements installed using impact or vibration hammers to a design depth or resistance. Driven precast piles illustration Common uses Can be used…
/expertise/techniques/driven-precast-piles
Micropiles
Technique
Micropiles Micropiles, also known as minipiles,  are a deep foundation element constructed using high-strength, small-diameter steel casing and/or threaded bars or simply constructed as small…
/expertise/techniques/micropiles
Bored piles
Technique
Bored piles Bored piles are a very effective, state-of-the-art construction element with many applications in foundation and civil engineering. Bored piles illustration Common uses As heavy…
/expertise/techniques/bored-piles
Bored piles / drilled shafts - cased
Technique
Bored piles / drilled shafts - cased Bored piles are a very effective, state-of-the-art construction element with many applications in foundation and civil engineering. Temporary and permeant steel…
/expertise/techniques/bored-piles-drilled-shafts-cased